Elasticsearch-41-实战案例-terms搜索多个值及搜索结果优化

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之前的几个案例中都是用的term用来搜索. 本文使用terms来搜索数据

terms,就相当于sql中的in

准备工作

为帖子添加tag字段

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POST /forum/article/_bulk
{ "update": { "_id": "1"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag" : ["java", "hadoop"]} }
{ "update": { "_id": "2"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag" : ["java"]} }
{ "update": { "_id": "3"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag" : ["hadoop"]} }
{ "update": { "_id": "4"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag" : ["java", "elasticsearch"]} }

terms搜索

需求一

搜索articleID为KDKE-B-9947-#kL5或QQPX-R-3956-#aD8的帖子

将需求转为sql就是:

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SELECT * FROM forum.article 
where
id in ('KDKE-B-9947-#kL5','QQPX-R-3956-#aD8')

然后在es中去构建搜索条件

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GET /forum/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "terms": {
          "articleID": [
            "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5",
            "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

需求二

搜索tag中包含java的帖子

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GET /forum/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "terms": {
          "tag": [
            "java"
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

返回值:

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{
  "took": 3,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "forum",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "articleID": "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5",
          "userID": 1,
          "hidden": false,
          "postDate": "2017-01-02",
          "tag": [
            "java"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "forum",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "4",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "articleID": "QQPX-R-3956-#aD8",
          "userID": 2,
          "hidden": true,
          "postDate": "2017-01-02",
          "tag": [
            "java",
            "elasticsearch"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "forum",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "articleID": "XHDK-A-1293-#fJ3",
          "userID": 1,
          "hidden": false,
          "postDate": "2017-01-01",
          "tag": [
            "java",
            "hadoop"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

从结果上看的话,tag的值中只要包含了java就被搜索出来了

优化搜索结果

上面一个搜索中只要包含了java的数据都被搜索出来了,现在我们想搜索只包含java的数据

首先,我们需要修改一下数据,增加一个tag_cnt的字段

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POST /forum/article/_bulk
{ "update": { "_id": "1"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag_cnt" : 2} }
{ "update": { "_id": "2"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag_cnt" : 1} }
{ "update": { "_id": "3"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag_cnt" : 1} }
{ "update": { "_id": "4"} }
{ "doc" : {"tag_cnt" : 2} }

执行完毕后,再次来构建搜索条件

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GET /forum/article/_search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "bool": {
          "must":[
            {
              "term":{
                "tag_cnt":1
              }
            },
            {
              "terms":{
                "tag":["java"]
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

返回值:

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{
  "took": 4,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 1,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "forum",
        "_type": "article",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "articleID": "KDKE-B-9947-#kL5",
          "userID": 1,
          "hidden": false,
          "postDate": "2017-01-02",
          "tag": [
            "java"
          ],
          "tag_cnt": 1
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

总结

  • 掌握terms多值搜索
  • 优化terms多值搜索结果
  • terms相当于sql中的in